Abstract Background: Real-world, primary data on the treatment of psoriasis are scarce, especially concerning the role of soluble biomarkers as outcome predictors. Objective: The authors evaluated the utility of Th1/Th17 serum cytokines along with clinical characteristics as predictors of drug survival in the treatment of psoriasis. Methods: The authors consecutively included participants with moderate to severe psoriasis who were followed up for 6 years. Baseline interferon-α, tumor necrosis factor-α, and inter-leukin (IL)-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, and IL-17A were measured using a cytometric bead array; clinical data were assessed. The authors calculated hazard ratios (HRs) for drug survival using a Cox proportional hazards model. Results: The authors included 262 patients, most of whom used systemic immunosuppressants or biologics. In the multivariate model, poor quality of life measured by the Dermatology Life Quality Index (HR = 1.04; 95% CI 1.01–1.07; p = 0.012) and elevated baseline IL-6 (HR = 1.99; 95% CI 1.29–3.08; p = 0.002) were associated with treatment interruption. Study limitations: The main limitation of any cohort study is the presence of confounders that could not be detected in clinical evaluation. Conclusions: Poor quality of life and elevated baseline serum IL-6 level predicted treatment interruption in patients with moderate to severe psoriasis. Although IL-6 is not the most important mediator of the inflammatory pathway in the skin environment, it is an interesting biomarker candidate for predicting psoriasis treatment response.

Abstract The objective was to assess the prevalence of bullying victimization and associated factors among adolescents in the city of Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul. A cross-sectional school-based study was conducted with 795 ninth grade students from 25 urban municipal schools linked to the School Health Program. Bullying was assessed using questions that addressed the occurrence, frequency, location, type of violence suffered and how much it bothers the victims. Gross and adjusted analyses were performed by Poisson regression. Approximately 71% of the students reported having suffered bullying, and school was the location of greatest occurrence (86.7%). Among the types of aggression suffered, “nicknames” was the most recurrent complaint (88.4%), followed by exclusion or isolation (26.6%). Victimization was more frequent among girls (PR 1.13; 95%CI 1.02-1.27), students with non-white skin color/race (PR 1.16; 95%CI 1.05-1.29), who have already tried tobacco (PR 1.14; 95%CI 1.03-1.27), dissatisfied (PR 1.42; 95%CI 1.27-1.58) or indifferent (PR 1.21; 95%CI 1.02-1.43) about their bodies, and who were overweight (PR 1.15; 95%CI 1.04-1.27). The results show that bullying is a frequent practice in the school environment, pointing to the need for educational practices aimed at reducing and preventing this type of violence.

Resumo O objetivo foi avaliar a prevalência de vitimização por bullying e seus fatores associados entre adolescentes da cidade de Pelotas, RS. Estudo transversal de base escolar realizado com 795 alunos do 9o ano do ensino fundamental de 25 escolas municipais urbanas vinculadas ao PSE. O bullying foi avaliado por meio de perguntas que abordaram a ocorrência, a frequência, o local, o tipo de violência sofrida e o quanto isso incomoda as vítimas. Análises bruta e ajustada foram feitas por regressão de Poisson. Aproximadamente 71% dos estudantes relataram ter sofrido bullying, a escola foi o local de maior ocorrência (86,7%). Entre os tipos de agressões sofridas, “apelidos” foi a queixa mais recorrente (88,4%), seguida por exclusão ou isolamento (26,6%). A vitimização foi mais frequente entre as meninas (RP 1,13; IC95% 1,02-1,27), estudantes com cor da pele/raça não branca (RP 1,16; IC95% 1,05-1,29), que já experimentaram tabaco (RP 1,14; IC95% 1,03-1,27), insatisfeitos (RP 1,42; IC95% 1,27-1,58) ou indiferentes (RP 1,21; IC95% 1,02-1,43) em relação ao corpo e que apresentavam excesso de peso (RP 1,15; IC95% 1,04-1,27). Os resultados mostram que o bullying é uma prática frequente no ambiente escolar, apontando para a necessidade de práticas educativas voltadas para a redução e prevenção desse tipo de violência.

ABSTRACT: This study evaluated the vaccine-induced serological response after administering four commercial formulations containing Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus (BVDV) type-1, BVDV-2, and Bovine Herpesvirus type 1 (BoHV-1) to young heifers with circulating maternal antibody titers. The study also determined the anamnestic response to vaccinations after the complete metabolization of maternal antibodies when the calves reached six months. Eighty-seven Holstein heifers were selected and randomly distributed into four experimental groups based on the vaccine administered. The four vaccine-based experimental groups were as follows: vaccine A (n = 22), vaccine B (n = 22), vaccine C (n = 24), and vaccine D (n = 19), given on the 60th, 90th, and 180th day of life, respectively. Virus-neutralization (VN) tests were performed at baseline (day 60) and 30 days after administering the second (day 120) and third doses (day 210). We analyzed the effect of vaccine group (P ≤ 0.001), day of vaccination (P ≤ 0.001), and group versus vaccine day interaction (P ≤ 0.001) for antibody titers produced against BVDV-1, BVDV-2, and BoHV-1 using the PROC MIXED method (Statistical Analysis System -SAS 9.4). Antibody titers against BVDV-1, BVDV-2, and BoHV-1 were similar at baseline and on day 60 of life. The mean antibody titers were constant and persisted against BVDV-1 in heifers immunized with vaccines A and C. Heifers immunized with vaccine A alone had a similar effect against BVDV-2. Regarding BoHV-1, the antibody titers decreased between days 60 and 210 in groups B, C, and D. The antibody titer for heifers in group A also decreased between days 60 and day 120, and an intense increase in titers was observed on day 210. After being immunized with formulations B, C, and D, the frequency of animals with titers above protective levels for BVDV-1, BVDV-2, and BoHV-1 was very low or null. Indicators of anamnestic response were observed in heifers vaccinated with formulation A only. Therefore, it can be concluded that passive immunity negatively interferes with antibody production after vaccination.

RESUMO: O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar a resposta sorológica induzida após vacinação com quatro formulações comerciais contendo o BVDV-1, BVDV-2 e BoHV-1 em novilhas jovens com títulos de anticorpos maternos circulantes, assim como analisar uma possível resposta anamnéstica em vacinações, após a completa metabolização dos anticorpos maternais aos seis meses de idade. Foram selecionadas 87 novilhas Holandesas, distribuídas aleatoriamente em quatro grupos experimentais de acordo com as vacinas: vacina A (n = 22), vacina B (n = 22), vacina C (n = 24) e vacina D (n = 19), aplicadas aos dias 60, 90 e 180 de vida. Testes de vírus-neutralização (VN) foram realizados no momento basal (D60) e 30 dias após a aplicação da 2ª dose (D120) e 3ª dose (D210). Observou-se efeito do grupo (P ≤ 0,001), dia da vacinação (P ≤ 0,001), e interação grupo versus dia (P ≤ 0,001) para os títulos de anticorpos produzidos contra o BVDV-1, BVDV-2 e BoHV-1, por meio do comando PROC MIXED (Statistical Analysis System, versão 9,4). Os títulos de anticorpos contra o BVDV-1, BVDV-2 e BoHV-1 eram semelhantes no momento basal aos 60 dias de vida. Os títulos médios de anticorpos foram constantes e persistentes contra o BVDV-1 nas novilhas imunizadas com as vacinas A e C, porém apenas a vacina A teve este mesmo perfil contra o BVDV-2. Em relação ao BoHV-1, os grupos B, C e D apresentaram queda nos títulos de anticorpos do D60 ao D210, enquanto as novilhas do grupo A apresentaram queda do D60 ao D120, com aumento intenso dos títulos no D210. A frequência de animais com títulos acima dos protetores contra o BVDV-1, BVDV-2 e BoHV-1 foram muito baixos ou nulos após as vacinações nos animais imunizados com as formulações B, C e D. Sugere-se que a imunidade passiva interferiu negativamente na indução de anticorpos pelas vacinas, observando-se indicadores de resposta anamnéstica apenas para as novilhas vacinadas com a formulação A.

RESUMO: O objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar alguns indicadores da resposta imune inata e humoral em bezerros a vacas persistentemente infectadas, entre um a 36 meses de idade, pareados com controles oriundos de um mesmo rebanho. As variáveis respostas foram avaliadas agrupando-se os animais nos seguintes grupos etários: < 12 meses, 13 a 24 meses, 25 a 36 meses de idade. Amostras sanguíneas foram coletadas para mensurar as concentrações séricas de proteína, haptoglobina e anticorpos neutralizantes induzidos pela vacinação contra as viroses respiratórias. Os teores de proteína sérica total (g/dL) foram menores nos animais persistentemente infectados (PI) jovens até 24 meses de idade, enquanto que a concentração de haptoglobina foi maior nos animais PI mais velhos (25 a 36 meses). Os títulos de anticorpos neutralizantes contra o BVDV e BRSV foi menor nos animais PIs independentemente da idade, comparado com o grupo controle. Os valores reduzidos ou nulos de anticorpos contra as viroses respiratórias, combinado com a evidência de resposta imune inata desregulada, contribui com a susceptibilidade dos animais PIs para as infecções secundárias.

ABSTRACT: We evaluated some indicators of innate and humoral immune response in persistently infected (PI) Holstein calves and cows from 1 to 36 months of age matched with controls from the same herd. The effects were cataloged by grouping animals into the following age groups: <12 months, 13 to 24 months, and 25 to 36 months of age. Blood samples were collected once from each animal to measure total serum protein, haptoglobin, and neutralizing antibodies titers induced by respiratory virus vaccination. Total serum protein (g/dL) was lowest in PI calves younger until 24 months old, while haptoglobin concentration was higher in PI cattle. The serum neutralizing titers against BVDV and BRSV were lower in all PI calves and cattle than in controls. PI cattle have a high serum concentration of haptoglobin, and its possible dysregulated innate immune response appears to impact the efficacy of their adaptative immune responses, resulting in poor vaccine responsiveness.

RESUMO: Aeromonas sp. são bactérias presentes naturalmente no ecossistema aquático e apresentam potencial patogênico, sendo considerados patógenos emergentes em humanos e animais. Ainda, causam perdas consideráveis em piscicultura e, através da água, podem também contaminar inúmeros alimentos. Diante disso o objetivo do trabalho foi quantificar e analisar o perfil de resistência aos antimicrobianos de bactérias do gênero Aeromonas sp. em peixes. Um total de 72 amostras foram adquiridas, sendo duas variedades de peixes (peixe de couro Pseudoplatystoma fasciatum x Leiarius marmoratus e os peixes redondos Colossoma macropomum x Piaractus mesopotamicus e Colossoma macropomum x Piaractus brachypomus), dois tipos (fresco e congelado) e de três estabelecimentos comerciais (supermercado, feira e peixaria). As 55 culturas isoladas de Aeromonas foram avaliadas quanto ao perfil de resistência aos antimicrobianos pelo método de difusão em disco. Os valores encontrados na quantificação de Aeromonas sp. variaram de 4,22 a 6,00 Log UFC/g, e foram identificadas dez espécies diferentes, sendo A. eucrenophila, A. hydrophila, A. caviae, A. media, A. jandaei, A. veronii bv. sobria, A. trota, A. schubertii, A. veronii bv. veronii e A. shigelloides. Entre os 55 isolados, 64,45% apresentaram resistência a Ampicilina-sulbactam, 75% foram sensíveis à gentamicina e ciprofloxacina. Concluiu-se que 100% das amostras avaliadas estavam contaminadas por Aeromonas sp. podendo apresentar risco à saúde do consumidor visto que estas podem ser agentes etiológicos de Doenças Transmitidas por Alimentos (DTAs). O perfil de resistência aos antimicrobianos comprovou a resistência a ampicilina e apresentou multirresistência a diferentes classes de antimicrobianos, demonstrando um problema relacionado à opção de antimicrobiano para tratamento no caso do desenvolvimento de alguma doença.

ABSTRACT: The bacteria Aeromonassp. are naturally reported in aquatic ecosystems and possess pathogenic potential, being considered as emerging pathogens in humans and animals. They also cause considerable losses in fish farming and, through water, can contaminate numerous foods. This study quantified and analyzed the antimicrobial resistance profile of Aeromonassp. in fish. A total of 72 samples of two fish varieties (leather fish, Pseudoplatystomafasciatumx Leiariusmarmoratusand round fish, Colossomamacropomumx Piaractusmesopotamicusand Colossomamacropomumx Piaractusbrachypomus) were purchased from two types of sources (fresh and frozen) and three commercial establishments (supermarket, market, and fishmonger). The 55 isolated Aeromonascultures were evaluated for their antimicrobial resistance profile by the disc diffusion method. Upon quantification, the count of Aeromonassp. ranged from 4.22 to 6.00 Log CFU/g; ten different species, including A. eucrenophila, A. hydrophila, A. caviae, A. media, A. jandaei, A. veroniibv. sobria, A. trota, A. schubertii, A. veroniibv. veronii, and A. shigelloides, were identified. Among the 55 isolates, 64.45% showed resistance to Ampicillin-sulbactam, and 75% were sensitive to gentamicin and ciprofloxacin. It was concluded that 100% of the evaluated samples were contaminated by Aeromonassp., which may present a risk to consumer health since bacteria can be etiological agents of Foodborne Diseases. The antimicrobial resistance profile showed resistance to ampicillin and multi-resistance to different classes of antimicrobials, demonstrating problems with choosing an antimicrobial for treatment of any disease.

Abstract There are few studies on fog in the Brazilian Northeast (BNE) and they show that the formation processes are different in each location. Data from various sources were used for 9 years (2008-2016): a) surface data obtained by REDEMET; b) radiosonde by the University of Wyoming; c) satellites images from the GOES and METEOSAT available on CPTEC; d) reanalysis products of the ECMWF, NOAA and NCAR. Meteorological fields and simulated vertical profiles were plotted for synoptic and thermodynamic analysis. In Maceio (M) 20 cases were reported, formed by surface trough, only one event was identified from satellite product. In Campina Grande (CG) 105 cases were recorded, most of which were caused by a surface ridge; only four events were identified by satellite products. All cases in all cities had a shorter duration than observed by METAR and satisfactory results by PAFOG were obtained. Fog forecast by PAFOG was satisfactory with 6 and 12 h antecedence in M and CG. Fog formation in the BNE is atypical, especially in Maceio, where it is rarely identified by satellite data. However, the prediction by the PAFOG model presents satisfactory results up to 12 h antecedence.

Resumo Existem poucos estudos sobre nevoeiro no Nordeste Brasileiro (BNE) e eles mostram que os processos de formação são diferentes em cada localidade. Foram utilizados dados de diversas fontes durante 9 anos (2008-2016): a) dados de superfície obtidos pela REDEMET; b) radiossondagem pela Universidade de Wyoming; c) imagens de satélite do GOES e METEOSAT disponíveis no CPTEC; d) produtos de reanálise do ECMWF, NOAA e NCAR. Foram plotados campos meteorológicos e perfis verticais simulados para análises sinóticas e termodinâmicas. Em Maceió (M) foram notificados 20 casos, formados por crista de superfície, apenas um evento foi identificado a partir de produto de satélite. Em Campina Grande (CG) foram registrados 105 casos, sendo a maioria causada por cavado na superfície; apenas quatro eventos foram identificados por produtos de satélite. Todos os casos em todas as cidades tiveram uma duração menor do que o observado pelo METAR e resultados satisfatórios pelo PAFOG foram obtidos. A previsão de nevoeiro pelo PAFOG foi satisfatória com 6 e 12 horas de antecedência em M e CG. A formação de nevoeiro no NEB é atípica, principalmente em Maceió, onde raramente é identificada por dados de satélite. Entretanto, a predição pelo modelo PAFOG apresenta resultados satisfatórios até 12 horas de antecedência.

Abstract Fruits agro-industrial by-products may have a great variety of bioactive compounds that promote health. Thus, the effects of supplementation with acerola, cashew and guava processing by-products for 28 days on retinol level, lipid profile and on some aspects related to intestinal function in rats were investigated. The animals supplemented with different fruit by-products presented similar weight gain, faecal pH values and intestinal epithelial structures; however, they showed higher moisture and Lactobacillus spp. and Bifidobacterium spp. counts in faeces compared to the control group. Supplementation with the cashew by-product decreased the blood glucose, acerola and guava by-products reduced serum lipid levels and all fruit by-products tested increased serum and hepatic retinol. The results indicated that acerola and guava by-products possess a potential hypolipidemic effect. The three fruit by-products increase the hepatic retinol deposition and the faecal populations of beneficial bacterial groups and modulated aspects of intestinal function. The findings of this study can contribute to sustainable fruticulture and support future clinical studies with the supplementation of by-products.

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: The Pregnancy Mobility Index (PMI) was developed to assess mobility in pregnant women in the Netherlands. At present, no similar questionnaire is available in Brazil. OBJECTIVE: The present study aimed to translate, cross-culturally adapt, and evaluate the psychometric properties of a Brazilian PMI. DESIGN AND SETTING: The present study was a validation study conducted at the Universidade Federal do Paraná and a public maternity ward in Curitiba, Brazil. METHODS: Text translation and cross-cultural adaptation followed international guidelines. Construct validity, internal consistency, and inter- and intra-rater reliability tests included 97 women. The Pelvic Girdle Questionnaire, Multidimensional Pain Evaluation Scale, Schober’s test, and lumbar spine range of motion assessment were administered on the first day. Intra-rater reliability (n = 19) was measured after 15 days. Exploratory factor analysis was performed, and the correlation matrix was analyzed using Pearson’s coefficient. RESULTS: Pregnant women (88%) understood the cultural adaptation process. The internal consistency was high (Cronbach’s alpha > 0.90), construct validity was moderate, with significant correlation between lumbar spine range of motion (r = 0.283–0.369) and Schober’s test (r = -0.314), and high correlation between the Multidimensional Pain Evaluation Scale (r = -0.650 and -0.499) and Pelvic Girdle Questionnaire (r = -0.737). Intra- and inter-rater reliabilities were excellent (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.932 and 0.990, respectively). CONCLUSION: The Brazilian version of the PMI was successfully translated with excellent reliability and moderate-to-high construct validity. It is an important tool for assessing mobility in pregnant women. CLINICAL TRIAL: RBR-789tps (Validation study), https://ensaiosclinicos.gov.br/rg/RBR-789tps.

ABSTRACT. Subjective cognitive decline is defined as a self-perceived cognitive decline but with normal performance in neuropsychological assessments. Objective: To verify the evolution of patients diagnosed with subjective cognitive decline compared to the cognitively normal group without any concern. Methods: This is a follow-up study based on data analysis from the Tremembé epidemiologic study, in Brazil. The 211 individuals classified as cognitively normal and 174 diagnosed as having subjective cognitive decline at baseline were invited to participate. Results: After a median follow-up time of five years, 108 subjective cognitive decline participants (62.0%) were reassessed. Of these, 58 (53.7%) kept this diagnosis, whereas 14 individuals (12.9%) progressed to mild cognitive impairment and 5 (4.6%) to dementia. In the cognitively normal group, 107 (50.7%) were reassessed, of which 51 (47.7%) were still classified likewise, 6 (5.6%) evolved to mild cognitive impairment and 9 (8.4%) to dementia. The presence of cognitive decline had a significant association with increasing age and depression symptoms. Considering the total number of baseline participants in each group: the subjective cognitive decline group showed higher percentage of mild cognitive impairment (p=0.022) and no difference was found in progression to dementia (p=0.468) between the groups after follow-up assessment. Conclusion: Most subjective cognitive decline participants at baseline kept their cognitive complaint at follow-up and this group progressed more to mild cognitive impairment than the other group. No difference in the progression to dementia was found, despite the higher incidence of dementia in the cognitively normal group.

RESUMO. O declínio cognitivo subjetivo (DCS) é definido como autopercepção de declínio cognitivo, mas com desempenho normal nas avaliações neuropsicológicas. Objetivo: O objetivo foi verificar a evolução dos pacientes diagnosticados com DCS em relação ao grupo cognitiva mente normal (CN), sem qualquer queixa. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo de seguimento baseado na análise de dados do estudo epidemiológico de Tremembé, Brasil. Os 211 indivíduos classificados como CN e os 174 diagnosticados como DCS na fase inicial do estudo foram convidados a participar. Resultados: Após o tempo médio de seguimento de cinco anos, 108 participantes da DCS (62,0%) foram reavaliados. Deles, 58 (53,7%) mantiveram o diagnóstico de DCS, enquanto 14 (12,9%) evoluíram para comprometimento cognitivo leve (CCL) e cinco (4,6%) para demência. No grupo CN, 107 (50,7%) foram reavaliados, dos quais 51 (47,7%) ainda foram classificados como CN, seis (5,6%) evoluíram para CCL e nove (8,4%) para demência. A presença de declínio cognitivo teve associação significativa com o aumento da idade e com sintomas de depressão. Considerando-se o número total de participantes da fase inicial do estudo de cada grupo: o grupo DCS apresentou maior percentual de CCL (p=0,022) e não houve diferença na progressão para demência (p=0,468) entre ambos os grupos após a avaliação de seguimento. Conclusão: A maioria dos participantes DCS da fase inicial do estudo manteve sua queixa cognitiva no seguimento, e esse grupo progrediu mais para CCL. Não foi encontrada diferença na progressão para demência, apesar da maior incidência de demência no grupo CN.

Abstract There are few studies on fog in the Brazilian Northeast (BNE) and they show that the formation processes are different in each location. Data from various sources were used for 9 years (2008-2016): a) surface data obtained by REDEMET; b) radiosonde by the University of Wyoming; c) satellites images from the GOES and METEOSAT available on CPTEC; d) reanalysis products of the ECMWF, NOAA and NCAR. Meteorological fields and simulated vertical profiles were plotted for synoptic and thermodynamic analysis. In Maceio (M) 20 cases were reported, formed by surface trough, only one event was identified from satellite product. In Campina Grande (CG) 105 cases were recorded, most of which were caused by a surface ridge; only four events were identified by satellite products. All cases in all cities had a shorter duration than observed by METAR and satisfactory results by PAFOG were obtained. Fog forecast by PAFOG was satisfactory with 6 and 12 h antecedence in M and CG. Fog formation in the BNE is atypical, especially in Maceio, where it is rarely identified by satellite data. However, the prediction by the PAFOG model presents satisfactory results up to 12 h antecedence.

Resumo Existem poucos estudos sobre nevoeiro no Nordeste Brasileiro (BNE) e eles mostram que os processos de formação são diferentes em cada localidade. Foram utilizados dados de diversas fontes durante 9 anos (2008-2016): a) dados de superfície obtidos pela REDEMET; b) radiossondagem pela Universidade de Wyoming; c) imagens de satélite do GOES e METEOSAT disponíveis no CPTEC; d) produtos de reanálise do ECMWF, NOAA e NCAR. Foram plotados campos meteorológicos e perfis verticais simulados para análises sinóticas e termodinâmicas. Em Maceió (M) foram notificados 20 casos, formados por crista de superfície, apenas um evento foi identificado a partir de produto de satélite. Em Campina Grande (CG) foram registrados 105 casos, sendo a maioria causada por cavado na superfície; apenas quatro eventos foram identificados por produtos de satélite. Todos os casos em todas as cidades tiveram uma duração menor do que o observado pelo METAR e resultados satisfatórios pelo PAFOG foram obtidos. A previsão de nevoeiro pelo PAFOG foi satisfatória com 6 e 12 horas de antecedência em M e CG. A formação de nevoeiro no NEB é atípica, principalmente em Maceió, onde raramente é identificada por dados de satélite. Entretanto, a predição pelo modelo PAFOG apresenta resultados satisfatórios até 12 horas de antecedência.

Aim To evaluate dentin permeability after pretreatment with 2.5% aqueous solution of titanium tetrafluoride (TiF4), followed by a self-etching universal adhesive system. Methods Forty dentin discs (1.5 mm thick) were randomly divided into groups according to the application or non-application of a pretreatment, and the type of adhesive system to be tested (two-step self-etching/ Clearfil SE Bond/ Kuraray Medical, or universal adhesive system/ Single Bond Universal/ 3M ESPE). Both sides of the discs were conditioned with 37% phosphoric acid to remove the smear layer. The first hydraulic conductivity measurement (L1) was performed in a permeability machine, under 5 PSI pressure. The samples were sanded again to form a standardized smear layer. The teeth designated for pre-treatment with TiF4 received the TiF4 solutions applied actively for 60 seconds, and the adhesive systems were applied according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Then, a new hydraulic conductivity measurement (L2) was performed for the purpose of calculating the hydraulic conductance at a later time, considering the water viscosity and the thickness of the specimen. The percentage (L) of dentin permeability after application of the adhesive system was obtained (L (%) = [(L1-L2) x100] / L1). The Mann-Whitney non-parametric test was applied. Results There was no difference between the two adhesive systems, or between the groups with or without pretreatment, as regards dentin permeability (p>0.05). Conclusion Pretreatment with 2.5% TiF4 did not influence dentin permeability, irrespective of the adhesive system used.

Abstract There is a great lack of scientific knowledge about the Ocean and a disconnect between scientific knowledge and public understanding of this environment. Considering the importance of Ocean Literacy in society, we illustrate in this study how the complexity and transversality of the Ocean enable disciplinary and interdisciplinary dialogues and reflections in schools. Based on a documental analysis, this work identified the presence and frequency of relationships between the Specific Competencies (SC) of the Common National Curriculum Base (BNCC - High School) and the Ocean Literacy Principles, based on contents of the Natural Sciences. Relationships between all the Principles and SC were identified, favored by aspects such as interdisciplinarity, scientific work, social dimension and complexity. Considering the illustrative character of this work, we emphasize the potential of using the Ocean as an integrating theme, the need for educational processes for educators and the planning of school pedagogical proposals.

Resumen Existe una falta de conocimiento científico sobre el océano y una desconexión entre el conocimiento científico y la comprensión pública de este entorno. Considerando la importancia de la Cultura Oceánica en la ociedad, ilustramos en este estudio cómo la complejidad y transversalidad del Océano posibilita diálogos y reflexiones disciplinarias e interdisciplinarias en las escuelas. A partir de un análisis documental, este trabajo identificó la presencia y frecuencia de relaciones entre las Competencias Específicas (CE) del Currículo Base Común Nacional y los Principios de la Cultura Oceánica, a partir de contenidos de las Ciencias Naturales. Se identificaron relaciones entre todos los Principios y todos los CE, favorecidas por aspectos como la interdisciplinariedad, el trabajo científico, la dimensión social y la complejidad. Entendemos el potencial de utilizar el Océano como tema integrador y la necesidad de procesos educativos para los educadores y para la planificación de propuestas pedagógicas escolares sobre el tema.

Resumo Há grande desconhecimento da ciência sobre o Oceano e uma desconexão entre conhecimento científico e entendimento público sobre este ambiente. Considerando a importância da Cultura Oceânica na sociedade, ilustramos nesse estudo como a complexidade e a transversalidade do Oceano possibilita diálogos e reflexões disciplinares e interdisciplinares nas escolas. Baseado em uma análise documental, o presente trabalho identificou a presença e frequência de relações entre as Competências Específicas (CE) da Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC - Ensino Médio) e os Princípios da Cultura Oceânica, com base em conteúdos das Ciências da Natureza. Foram identificadas relações entre todos os Princípios e todas as CE, favorecidas por aspectos como interdisciplinaridade, fazer científico, dimensão social e complexidade. Considerando o caráter ilustrativo do presente trabalho, enfatizamos a potencialidade do uso do Oceano como tema integrador e a necessidade de processos formativos de educadores e de planejamento de propostas pedagógicas escolares abrangendo o tema.

Abstract This exploratory study investigated whether children with dental decay were more likely to have COVID-19 than those without caries. The children underwent dental inspection and blood collection for detection of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. Fifty-four children aged 6 to 9 years participated in the survey, which was conducted between March and June 2020 in the municipality of Ipojuca, Pernambuco, Brazil. The diagnosis of caries was performed using the dmft and DMFT indices. Parents reported signs and symptoms of sickness in their children during this period. The serology test aimed to verify the immune response of the children to coronavirus by detecting IgM/IgG antibodies. Statistical analyses were performed at P < 0.05. The majority of the children presented caries (68.5%). Of the nine children who tested positive for COVID-19 (16.7%), eight presented IgG antibodies to the virus, and only one had IgG and IgM antibodies to SARS-CoV2. Children who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 had a higher percentage of caries lesions than those who tested negative for SARS-CoV-2 (77.8% vs 65.9%), but this difference was not statistically significant.